Lecture 5 for 2-27-08
Chapters 7 and 8 Reading Notes
Quotations:
“It is wise to remain silent in the world of gossip.” Maxwell Maltz
“How united we become depends on how much we appreciate diversity.” Sharon Hanna
“I note the obvious differences between each sort and type, but we are more alike, my friends, than we are unalike.” Maya Angelou
I. Importance of Interpersonal Skills. Formal training in the area of interpersonal communication and relations is not common. Positive relationships do not just happen.
A. Promoting Positive Relations. “Highest on the list of employable qualities are interpersonal skills—the ability to interact with and relate to all kinds of people is absolutely essential.” Marcia Phelps, Ph.D., Director of Career Development Services, University of West Florida, Pensacola, Florida.
B. Positive Relationships require efforts and work. Be responsible for the quality of the experiences you have with others in the workplace. How can we create a positive work environment?
a. At the heart of all interactions and relationships is communication. Throughout your career, your communication skills will either “make you or break you.” The essential skill in the workforce for the twenty-first century is the ability to communicate appropriately (Sabo, 2000). See textbook
b. Realistic Expectations: Remember that nobody is perfect and that we are all humanly limited. Do not expect that a relationship will be 100 percent harmonious and that people will always act as you want. If you feel overworked and overwhelmed, you can take steps to improve the situation. Question on page 273: “Have you ever worked for someone who had unrealistic expectations? If so, what were they and what did you do?
c. Positiveness and Friendliness: Maintain a positive attitude at the workplace. Do not give off an aura of “doom and gloom.” A positive attitude is your most empowering asset. Seeing the pleasant in the middle of the unpleasant is greatly appreciated. Friendliness is a positive behavior. Greeting others with a smile is expected in the workplace. Use the person’s name as you greet him or her. Sincerity is also important. Another friendly behavior is to express interest in other people by asking about their vacation plans, hobbies, and family. Stay away from sensible inquiries!!!!!
d. Fraternizing means socializing with others from your workplace. Generally co-workers are not restricted from social activities with each other outside of work. (You may be discouraged from dating or becoming seriously involved with a co-worker. There may be rules regarding socializing with a supervisor). Avoid spending too much time being friendly instead of doing your work!!!!
e. Sensitivity and Understanding: Sensitivity is the sense of the perceptions of others and being able to discern the world from their perspectives. When you take the time to get to know one another and are sensitive, you create a more positive environment. “Emotional empathy and a tendency to join with others are related to career and financial success (Mehrabian, 2000). Sensitivity and understanding enable us to accept that people have their own preferred modes of thinking and behaving. Be aware of the difference among the four temperament/personality types: SJ or sensing-Judging, SP or sensing-perceiving, NF or intuitive-feeling, NT or intuitive-thinking on page 275.
f. Supportiveness: Sensitivity sets the stage for helpful actions that show understanding and caring. (Send positive notes and comments to a co-worker who is afflicted by some bad event.) Go over the cases on page 277. Remember that to those in need, positive, supportive interactions are powerful influences.
g. Cooperation and Collaboration. Cooperation is to work willing and agreeably with another person. Collaboration: participants contribute ideas or efforts to solve a problem or produce an end result.
h. Develop Negotiation skill to help solve conflict which is disagreement. See page 278 and 279. Read the examples.
i. Consideration and Helpfulness: Being thoughtful and showing courtesy are appreciated behaviors. Approachability checking: Ask if it is a good time to talk. “Do you have a few minutes right now?” is polite and sets the state for a positive exchange. Be considerate and avoid irritating behaviors such as playing loud music and hoarding equipment etc. Relating positively to others means that you are keenly aware of what would typically be offensive or annoying and try to avoid these behaviors. SEE Key Info on page 281!!!!
j. Consideration means that you will not engage in gossiping, defined as idle talk about others. “Be friendly to everyone and avoid gossiping like the plague. It is a waste of time. Do not be petty and unethical!
k. Teamwork is expected and your contribution is vital to the total effort.
l. Praise: appropriate verbal affirmations can create a warm atmosphere. Positive strokes are verbal and nonverbal behaviors given in reference to another that feel good to the receiver. (Compliment, Congratulate, thank and simply tell someone you enjoy working with him or her).
m. Appreciation of diversity: Recognize that today’s work world is mosaic of diverse ethnicities, races, religions, sexual orientations, and ages etc. Multiculturalism is the appreciation of differences.
II. Managing Conflict Effectively
A. Disagreement will inevitably occur despite your best efforts.
a. Choices in Conflict Situations: Be the actor instead of being a reactor and decide how to behave. Ignore an irritation.
b. Eliminate unwillingness to take responsibility in a conflict situation. Do not blame it on somebody else. Eliminate comments such as “He is just impossible,” “Nobody can get along with her,” “I can’t help it.” Do not blame it on the others, employer, the weather and the time of the month. Conflict Styles are the ways people handle conflict. Competitive or aggressive style: Aggression is used to defeat what that individual perceives as an opponent or adversary. The intent is to win or get one’s way in a confrontation. Avoiders tend to gunnysack or suppress legitimate grievances and irritants or “stuff” them into an imaginary gunnysack. If you do not want to damage your own health, stay away from that!!!!! Resentment builds up over time.
B. Characteristics of Effective Conflict Managers:
a. Self-esteem. If you feel good about yourself, you will not see conflict as a personal war. You will try to resolve the issues.
b. Assertiveness: Use the open style of verbalization
c. Optimism. For the optimists, issues can be resolved. Negaholics dampen the spirits of those involved.
d. Internal locus of control: When people are responsible for their own behaviors, conflicts are easier to handle. An internal locus of control means that others do not control your thoughts and behaviors. You can choose to be civil even though another is being rude.
e. (Flexibility: be able to see the other’s perspective; Positive communication skills, understanding, sense of humor, read the example. )
f. Conflict management skills ( fighting is defined as a way of resolving a disagreement; fair fighting consists of behaviors that aim to resolve conflict in an amicable way). See Page 290.
C. Dealing with Difficult People: The difficult person may be an irritable co-worker, a passive-aggressive supervisor, or a hostile client. See the types of Difficult people on Page 292. Ask Class questions!!!
D. Coping with a Difficult boss: Page 294. Some individuals value control more than people. Question: Have you ever had a difficult boss? What made the person difficult? How did you handle it?
E. Forgiving and Moving On: Let go. Do not carry grudges. Grudge bearers damage themselves as much as they do others. Harboring grudges, resentments, and other bitter feelings requires energy and ends up diminishing your own self-esteem. The inability to forgive can lead to increased blood pressure, loss of sleep and other health problems. The person who forgives is released from anger and freed from any psychological hold the injurer may have had. (VOR, victim offender Reconciliation). Remember that you can forgive without forgetting. Do not have a “let’s get even attitude.”
Do you have a grudge? Is there someone you haven’t forgiven? Challenge yourself to do so and move on with your life!!!!!!
Showing posts with label promdressesrock. Show all posts
Showing posts with label promdressesrock. Show all posts
Thursday, February 28, 2008
Chapter 8 Reading Notes: Important Points to Focus On
BA47 Career by Design
Chapter 8 Reading Notes
Lecture 5
Quotations:
“A Challenge is an opportunity in disguise.”
“Stress is the spice of life. Who would enjoy a life of no runs, no hits, no errors?” Hans Selye
“Embrace the man-splendored colors, revel in the wisdom and the power of a different race and culture; invite it to spill over you.” Bill Schulz.
1. Let us Identify the sources and reasons for discrimination
2. Describe ways to handle discrimination
3. Explain Affirmative Action
4. Recognize sexual harassment and list appropriate actions to take
5. Discuss what can be done to facilitate employment for parents
6. Identify addiction to work and explain reasons to avoid it
7. Alter perceptions about time and find time to achieve goals
8. Provide reasons for procrastination, identify positive procrastination, and avoid chronic procrastination
9. Describe the symptoms and effects of burnout
10. Discuss ways to overcome burnout
11. Identify stress and stressors
12. Differentiate between healthy and unhealthy stress
1. Handling Career Challenges: they are inevitable in the world of work. We will talk about predictable tribulations.
2. Discrimination? It is defined as being treated unfairly. It is making a distinction against against someone on the basis of the group, class, or category to which that individual belongs. Although discrimination is illegal, it still exists. And you may experience it when you apply for a job. Equal Employment Opportunity Commission reports an increase in the filings of discrimination cases. Religious discrimination --- Up 21 percent; age discrimination – up 14.5 percent; National origin discrimination – up 13 percent. On the job, you may be a victim of discrimination. Privileges and promotions can be unfairly awarded. See the textbook’s example at the bottom of page 304. Some statistics: Forty-five percent of minority executives said that they’ve been targets of a racial or cultural joke, and 59 percent had observed a double standard in delegation of assignments (Mehta, Chen, Garcia, & Vella-Zarb, 2000).
3. Question: “Have you ever been a victim of discrimination? What did you do?
4. How to Handle Discrimination? Accept your uniqueness and use it to your advantage. Explain and camouflage. Cover your tattoo. Just cover up your uniqueness. If you do not land a position, assess the situation rationally. EEOC can help you if you honestly believe that you have been a victim of discrimination. Its laws are both preventive and punitive. Created to enforce the act, it investigates, complains, seeks conciliation and files discrimination suits.
5. The Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) makes it illegal for employers with more than 15 workers to discriminate against people with physical and mental impairments. Another preventive program is Affirmative Action. See page 306. There is a perception of reverse discrimination. It moves barriers. “A minority status is not enough to get a firefighting job . AFFIRMATIVE ACTION does not guarantee that any other type of person, minority , or a female will get a particular job. It does guarantee, however, that everyone will have an equal opportunity to compete for available jobs” Jose J. Soto, J.D., Vice President for Affirmative Action/Equity/Diversity, Southeast Community College, Lincoln Nebraska. . GIVE REASONS FOR AND AGAINST AFFIRMATIVE ACTION. SEEK TO GET ACCURATE INFORMATION ABOUT THIS TIMELY ISSUE. Equity issues will continue to exist for some time. Erasing past injustices takes time and effort.
6. Laws are in place to prevent, protect, and redress injustices.
7. Sexual Harassment (See notes on Sexual harassment. Share it with the class). Harassment behaviors are unwelcome sexual advances, requests for sexual favors, and other verbal or physical conduct of a sexual nature. Sexual harassment is present when submission or rejection of such behaviors is made a term or condition of employment; is used in employment decisions; or creates an intimidating, hostile, or offensive working environment. How to Avoid Being an Harasser? Answer: Just assume that off-color jokes, sexual inuendos, and advances are not welcome; realize that a “no” means a “no.” Have clear communication. Faulty communication can lead to a perception of harassment.
See page 308.and 309. (Object to discrimination, Document and Report it.)
8. Family Issues/Balance: Traditional family roles called for only one wage earner. The other person, usually, the woman, took care of the family and the house. Those days, for most, are over. The increase of women in the workforce and changed attitudes have contributed to the shift. Since the tragic events of Sept. 11, a survey found that “Young men are more willing than women to give up pay, powe, and prestige to sepdn more time with their families. …Failure to achieve balance leads to higher stress levels, increased family problems, and lower life satisfaction. Many dual-career parents are able to develop what is called “Shared or Egalitarian marriage” in which roles are flexible, household and childcare responsibilities are fairly shared.
A. Addiction to work or workaholism is a compulsive, single-minded dedication to a job to the exclusion of almost everything else. It is obvious that workaholics do not win in the end. Addiction to work is not compatible with a happy family life. Our society tends to smile on hard work. Employers are likely to promote the addictive behaviors. The drive to excel is instilled in most human beings during childhood. Excellence is rewarded, and addictive work behaviors are reinforced. The American society reinforces the concept of “work, work, work.” (Australians and Europeans receive four to six weeks’ paid leave.)
9. Time Management: Create time for yourself. When you feel overwhelmed, it is difficult to enjoy even the best of jobs. Creating an environment and structuring your activities so you can work effectively and efficiently.
10. Finding Time: Start keeping track of exactly how you are currently spending your time. Think of the routines in your workday. How can you make time by cutting down?
11. Defeating Procrastination; Reasons for procrastinating. Effectively manage the difference Pages 316, 317 to guide you.
12. What are some of the sources of stress? A. death of spouse B. Divorce C. Marital separation D. Jail term C. Death of close family member. Take charge of stress by adopting “Psychological hardiness.” Embrace the following personality characteristics of hardiness to stay well
a. A strong commitment to self and various areas of life
b. A sense of meaningfulness or purpose
c. the attitude that change is challenging and invigorating
d. An internal locus of control (I control my life. I am responsible for what happens to me.)
A. Remember that worry is one of the internal stressors. It is a feeling of unease or tension. It is needless. Academic success, social relationships, health, finances and career building can cause you to worry. See ways to decrease worry on page 326 in Key INFO
B. What is the difference between Worries and Concerns?
Answer: The difference lies in your ability to do something about potential problems. Concern leads to action, while worry arises from feelings of powerlessness. People who worry usually do not act; they fret and multiply the stress they already have.
http://microcreditcapital.com/index1.html
http://microcreditcapital.com/marketwatch
Chapter 8 Reading Notes
Lecture 5
Quotations:
“A Challenge is an opportunity in disguise.”
“Stress is the spice of life. Who would enjoy a life of no runs, no hits, no errors?” Hans Selye
“Embrace the man-splendored colors, revel in the wisdom and the power of a different race and culture; invite it to spill over you.” Bill Schulz.
1. Let us Identify the sources and reasons for discrimination
2. Describe ways to handle discrimination
3. Explain Affirmative Action
4. Recognize sexual harassment and list appropriate actions to take
5. Discuss what can be done to facilitate employment for parents
6. Identify addiction to work and explain reasons to avoid it
7. Alter perceptions about time and find time to achieve goals
8. Provide reasons for procrastination, identify positive procrastination, and avoid chronic procrastination
9. Describe the symptoms and effects of burnout
10. Discuss ways to overcome burnout
11. Identify stress and stressors
12. Differentiate between healthy and unhealthy stress
1. Handling Career Challenges: they are inevitable in the world of work. We will talk about predictable tribulations.
2. Discrimination? It is defined as being treated unfairly. It is making a distinction against against someone on the basis of the group, class, or category to which that individual belongs. Although discrimination is illegal, it still exists. And you may experience it when you apply for a job. Equal Employment Opportunity Commission reports an increase in the filings of discrimination cases. Religious discrimination --- Up 21 percent; age discrimination – up 14.5 percent; National origin discrimination – up 13 percent. On the job, you may be a victim of discrimination. Privileges and promotions can be unfairly awarded. See the textbook’s example at the bottom of page 304. Some statistics: Forty-five percent of minority executives said that they’ve been targets of a racial or cultural joke, and 59 percent had observed a double standard in delegation of assignments (Mehta, Chen, Garcia, & Vella-Zarb, 2000).
3. Question: “Have you ever been a victim of discrimination? What did you do?
4. How to Handle Discrimination? Accept your uniqueness and use it to your advantage. Explain and camouflage. Cover your tattoo. Just cover up your uniqueness. If you do not land a position, assess the situation rationally. EEOC can help you if you honestly believe that you have been a victim of discrimination. Its laws are both preventive and punitive. Created to enforce the act, it investigates, complains, seeks conciliation and files discrimination suits.
5. The Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) makes it illegal for employers with more than 15 workers to discriminate against people with physical and mental impairments. Another preventive program is Affirmative Action. See page 306. There is a perception of reverse discrimination. It moves barriers. “A minority status is not enough to get a firefighting job . AFFIRMATIVE ACTION does not guarantee that any other type of person, minority , or a female will get a particular job. It does guarantee, however, that everyone will have an equal opportunity to compete for available jobs” Jose J. Soto, J.D., Vice President for Affirmative Action/Equity/Diversity, Southeast Community College, Lincoln Nebraska. . GIVE REASONS FOR AND AGAINST AFFIRMATIVE ACTION. SEEK TO GET ACCURATE INFORMATION ABOUT THIS TIMELY ISSUE. Equity issues will continue to exist for some time. Erasing past injustices takes time and effort.
6. Laws are in place to prevent, protect, and redress injustices.
7. Sexual Harassment (See notes on Sexual harassment. Share it with the class). Harassment behaviors are unwelcome sexual advances, requests for sexual favors, and other verbal or physical conduct of a sexual nature. Sexual harassment is present when submission or rejection of such behaviors is made a term or condition of employment; is used in employment decisions; or creates an intimidating, hostile, or offensive working environment. How to Avoid Being an Harasser? Answer: Just assume that off-color jokes, sexual inuendos, and advances are not welcome; realize that a “no” means a “no.” Have clear communication. Faulty communication can lead to a perception of harassment.
See page 308.and 309. (Object to discrimination, Document and Report it.)
8. Family Issues/Balance: Traditional family roles called for only one wage earner. The other person, usually, the woman, took care of the family and the house. Those days, for most, are over. The increase of women in the workforce and changed attitudes have contributed to the shift. Since the tragic events of Sept. 11, a survey found that “Young men are more willing than women to give up pay, powe, and prestige to sepdn more time with their families. …Failure to achieve balance leads to higher stress levels, increased family problems, and lower life satisfaction. Many dual-career parents are able to develop what is called “Shared or Egalitarian marriage” in which roles are flexible, household and childcare responsibilities are fairly shared.
A. Addiction to work or workaholism is a compulsive, single-minded dedication to a job to the exclusion of almost everything else. It is obvious that workaholics do not win in the end. Addiction to work is not compatible with a happy family life. Our society tends to smile on hard work. Employers are likely to promote the addictive behaviors. The drive to excel is instilled in most human beings during childhood. Excellence is rewarded, and addictive work behaviors are reinforced. The American society reinforces the concept of “work, work, work.” (Australians and Europeans receive four to six weeks’ paid leave.)
9. Time Management: Create time for yourself. When you feel overwhelmed, it is difficult to enjoy even the best of jobs. Creating an environment and structuring your activities so you can work effectively and efficiently.
10. Finding Time: Start keeping track of exactly how you are currently spending your time. Think of the routines in your workday. How can you make time by cutting down?
11. Defeating Procrastination; Reasons for procrastinating. Effectively manage the difference Pages 316, 317 to guide you.
12. What are some of the sources of stress? A. death of spouse B. Divorce C. Marital separation D. Jail term C. Death of close family member. Take charge of stress by adopting “Psychological hardiness.” Embrace the following personality characteristics of hardiness to stay well
a. A strong commitment to self and various areas of life
b. A sense of meaningfulness or purpose
c. the attitude that change is challenging and invigorating
d. An internal locus of control (I control my life. I am responsible for what happens to me.)
A. Remember that worry is one of the internal stressors. It is a feeling of unease or tension. It is needless. Academic success, social relationships, health, finances and career building can cause you to worry. See ways to decrease worry on page 326 in Key INFO
B. What is the difference between Worries and Concerns?
Answer: The difference lies in your ability to do something about potential problems. Concern leads to action, while worry arises from feelings of powerlessness. People who worry usually do not act; they fret and multiply the stress they already have.
http://microcreditcapital.com/index1.html
http://microcreditcapital.com/marketwatch
Friday, February 15, 2008
3 Discussion Cases for those who are having Access Problems
Assertiveness is defined as the ability to maintain one's legitimate rights and to express thoughts and feelings in non-threatening ways.
How can a person become more assertive? Discuss and provide some examples.
Class, respect others' opinions, stories, and ideas. If you want to add or respond to a point made by a classmate, please give credit to him/her. Make it clear that it is in response to a previous post by the classmate.
====================
What is networking? What are some actions you can take to build a network? how can it help? Did you see that, according to Richard Bolles, author of What Color Is Your Parachute?, a popular trade book, finding the person who can hire you has the highest effectiveness rate of 86 percent? What experience have you had with this method? Even though some feel funny about using contacts, notice that even Albert Einstein did!
Please discuss and provide examples. You can choose to define the term, based on the textbook and then give examples to show your understanding.
====================
Benefits and Requirements of Resume and Cover Letters
How would you describe a resume? Discuss its purpose.
What are the requirements and benefits of using a resume?
What are the purposes of a cover letter? What are the guidelines for writing an excellent cover letter?
Class, respond to these questions using your textbook.
=================
Please e-mail me your discussion if you have no access. I am working on it on BB.
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How can a person become more assertive? Discuss and provide some examples.
Class, respect others' opinions, stories, and ideas. If you want to add or respond to a point made by a classmate, please give credit to him/her. Make it clear that it is in response to a previous post by the classmate.
====================
What is networking? What are some actions you can take to build a network? how can it help? Did you see that, according to Richard Bolles, author of What Color Is Your Parachute?, a popular trade book, finding the person who can hire you has the highest effectiveness rate of 86 percent? What experience have you had with this method? Even though some feel funny about using contacts, notice that even Albert Einstein did!
Please discuss and provide examples. You can choose to define the term, based on the textbook and then give examples to show your understanding.
====================
Benefits and Requirements of Resume and Cover Letters
How would you describe a resume? Discuss its purpose.
What are the requirements and benefits of using a resume?
What are the purposes of a cover letter? What are the guidelines for writing an excellent cover letter?
Class, respond to these questions using your textbook.
=================
Please e-mail me your discussion if you have no access. I am working on it on BB.
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Thursday, February 7, 2008
Wall Street Is Taking a Stance on Global Warming: Three Big Banks Will Require Coal Plants to look for energy-efficiency options
Read about this new airplane design here!
Citigroup Inc., J.P. Morgan Chase & Co. and Morgan Stanley say that they have concluded that the U.S. government will cap greenhouse-gas emissions from power plants sometime in the next few years. They do not want to have to deal with debt resulting from their financing of more coal-powered plants that produce electricity. So the owners of these plants are to look at renewable-energy options. They are to assess whether the plant design and nearby geology would allow emissions to be captured and stored underground. They need to ensure that the plant will be allowed to charge electricity rates high enough to cover the cost of buying emission allowances.
It is clear that these banks and many others are under pressure from the environmental groups, but their reaction is purely financial. And besides everything else, it makes perfect sense to be earth stewards. Many individuals start realizing the effects of CO2 on the environment. A recent 60 Minutes program shows how the glacier From Alaska to Argentina is melting away. Fresh water will soon become a major problem. The banks are now saying that they will encourage energy-efficiency and renewable-energy pushes before backing new coal plants.
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Invaluable Resource in your Job Search: "Best Jobs for the 21st Century"
Published in 2001 by Farr & Ludden, Best Jobs for the 21st Century lists the best jobs overall and, more specifically, by various criteria such as personality, interests, geographic location, age, sex, and level of education. At the level of an associates's degree, the best jobs are dental hygienists, registered nurses, paralegal, and legal assistants. Of all jobs, the best paid are dentists, physicians, aircraft pilots, and flight engineers. Almost half of the top 15 jobs are in the computer field, followed by those that are health-related.
Wednesday, February 6, 2008
Review Guide for Chapter 1
Findings related to career satisfaction, Relationship between career satisfaction and understanding of the self, physical self, physical appearance as a factor in career success, wellness, mental self, intelligence and multiple intelligences, rationale for curiosity, thinking (creative thinking and critical thinking), attitude, difference between positive and negative attitude, optimism and pessimism, self-fulling prophecy, cognitive restructuring, emotional self, components of emotion, ways to change how you feel, emotional intelligence, Daniel Goleman, components of emotion, ways to change how you feel, social self, integrated (whole) self, personality, Myers-Briggs Type Indicator, Extraversion-Introversion, Sensing-Intuition, thinking-feeling, judgment-perception, Holland's clusters and understanding, self-concept including descriptors, ideal self, and self-esteem, self-efficacy, transferable assets, value of interpersonal and communication skills, internal locus of control as contrasted with an external locus, assertiveness compared to aggressive and nonassertive behavior, ways of building self-esteem include: affirmations, positive self-talk, steps in cognitive restructuring, basic skills needed by employers, assets and liabilities in career development.
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